Labiaplasty (also known as labioplasty, labia minor reduction, and labial reduction) is a plastic surgery procedure for reducing the labia minora (inner labia) and the labia majora (outer labia), the external folds of skin surrounding the human vulva.
There are two main categories of women who seek cosmetic genital surgery: women with congenital conditions such as intersex, and women with no underlying condition who wish to alter the appearance of their genitals because they may believe they do not fall within a normal range.[1] Within a sex reassignment vaginoplasty procedure, labiaplasty creates vaginal labia where once there were none.
There is no universally accepted definition of labial hypertrophy. The size, colour, and shape of labia vary from woman to woman, and may change as a result of childbirth, aging, sexual intercourse, and other events.
A 2008 study in the Journal of Sexual Medicine reported that 32 per cent of women who underwent the procedure did so to correct a functional impairment; 31 per cent to correct a functional impairment and for aesthetic reasons; and 37 per cent for aesthetic reasons alone.[3] A study in 2000 reported a patient-satisfaction rate of 90 per cent.[4] The risks of the procedure include permanent scarring, infections, bleeding, irritation, and nerve damage leading to increased or decreased sensitivity.The Observer wrote in 2011 that medical experts had "sounded the alarm" about the procedure and its soaring rates, blaming increased exposure to pornography images on the Internet. Linda Cardozo, a gynaecologist at King's College Hospital, London, told the newspaper that women were placing themselves at risk in an industry that is largely unregulated.